Despite their increased selfconfidence at start-up, evidence from descriptive data on black-owned new ventures indicates that they have fewer employees and that they grow at a significantly slower rate than comparable white-owned enterprises. Scholars suggested that one explanation for this difference is that black entrepreneurs encountered more external constraints including lack of available financing and lack of customer support (Kollinger and Minniti 2006). The inadequate financial services to the inner city residents, in particular, were identified as a cause of chronic poverty, welfare dependency, and economic stagnation (Light and Pham 1998).
Start-up Motivations and Growth Intentions of Minority Nascent Entrepreneursjsbm_291 174..196 by Linda F. Edelman, Candida G. Brush, Tatiana S. Manolova, and
Patricia G. Greene Firm
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